The textile industry can be defined as fiber, spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing, and finished products according to its process technology, which also include the related application technologies, such as materials, textile machinery, production management, pollution prevention, industry information, analytical identification, textile chemicals and other related application technologies so that a complete textile industry is formed.
The fiber process can be divided into man-made fibers and natural fibers. The man-made fibers are made from upstream raw material particles with chemical synthesis methods, through heating, melting, extruding, pressurizing, spinning, stretching, or filling and other related physical manufacturing processes, to manufacture polyester fiber, nylon fiber, rayon fiber, acetate fiber, acrylic fiber, etc. Natural fibers are mainly cotton, silk, wool, linen, etc. Cotton needs to go through cotton ginning, silk is sorted from silkworm cocoons, the sand and oil needs to be washed off from the wool, and the linen must be degummed, before proceeding to the next spinning process.
In the spinning industry, the fiber is used as the main raw material for processing. The fibers are blown, combined, and drafted, or the gill bar are used for carding during drafting. The fibers are further straightened and then gradually attenuated, for spining into rovings first and then into yarns.
The woven fabric is formed into a fabric by a weaving, knitting process or even without a weaving process. Among them, the industry engaged in the manufacture of woven, knitted or plaits is the weaving industry, and non-woven industry does not go through the weaving process.
As for the main processes of the dyeing and finishing industry, they can be roughly divided into three parts: pre-dyeing treatment, printing and dyeing process, and post-dyeing treatment. The purpose of pre-dyeing treatment is to remove impurities in the fibers, so as not to affect the following printing and dyeing operations. The printing and dyeing process includes the dyeing and printing processes. Its main purpose is to assign colors to the textile. The post-dyeing treatment is for increasing the usage of fiber or cloth, or regarded as the processing for special purposes.
The terminal finished products cover three categories of textiles: apparel, home decoration and industrial use. In the above-mentioned various textile processing processes, the complexity of the textile industry as well as the richness of its application technology and human resource can be known. For the future textile industry, apart from apparel and textiles for home decoration, industrial textiles can be applied in many fields such as industry, agriculture, construction, filtration, medical care, military defense, security protection, textile structural composites, transportation, sports and entertainment, and other purposes. It has become the focus of development.